Boy name origins & meanings Czechoslovakian : Man; Carl's town Boy name variations Karel Karlicek Karlousek Karol Karoly Family name origins & meanings Czech (Karlík) and Slovak : from a form of the Slavic personal name Karel or Karol, vernacular forms of the Latin name Carolus (see Karl, Charles).Polish, Ukrainian, and Jewish (from Poland and Ukraine) : nickname from eastern Slavic and Yiddish karlik ‘dwarf’.